Protocol IEC 61850

Protocol description
Communication line configuration
Communication line protocol parameters
Communication station configuration
Station protocol parameters
I/O tag configuration
I/O tag address
Literature
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Protocol description

Protocol IEC 61850 is an IEC standard designed for communication with Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED) at electric substations (breakers, protections, transformers, switches etc).

Protocol  IEC 61850 is - like TASE.2 - based on the Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) and therefore the implementation in the D2000 KOM process uses a common MMS framework.

Implementation of IEC 61850 protocol in D2000 system supports this functionality:

1. Periodic reading of values (polling)
2. Reading of values from predefined Datasets made available in predefined Information Reports - both buffered and unbuffered
3. Reading of fields elements of which are simple values
4. Writing to simple types of values (writing to field items is not implemented yet)
5. Browsing - when a communication is established, following items can be browsed:

• • logical devices within a physical device (in the station address configuration)
  • objects located within the logical device (in the I/O tag configuration)
  • reports located within the logical device (in the I/O tag configuration)

There is no support for processing of GOOSE and GSSE reports.

The ISO over TCP / IP transmission layer is implemented according to the RFC 1006 specification.

Communication line configuration

• Communication line category: TCP/IP-TCP.
• TCP Parameters:
  • Host: string max. 80 characters – server name in INET format (a name or numerical address a.b.c.d) 
  • Port: TCP port number (0 to 65535), port 102 is used by default.
  • Line number: not used, set to 1

A valid host name or IP address of the device must be entered according to the rules above.

The port number where the device is listening must also be entered. The ISO over TCP/IP standard uses port 102.

In the case of redundant systems, it is also possible to enter multiple comma-separated names/addresses. When the connection is broken, the communication process will again attempt to establish a connection to the device at given address. If the atttempt is unsuccessful, then the process tries to establish a connection to next address. This is repeated cyclically until the connection with one server is established.

Communication line protocol parameters

Communication lines - configuration dialog box - tab Protocol parameters.
These parameters influence some optional parameters of protocol. You can define the following parameters:

Table 1

Note 1

If all debug info are enabled, it could cause an overload of communication workstation and decrease of data transfer rate between the centers. After setting and debugging the communication we recommend you minimize the amount of debug information.

Communication station configuration

• Communication protocol "IEC 61850".
• Polling parameters are used for reading of I/O tags of "Periodically polled value" type.
• Protocol does not support time synchronization.

Adresa stanice

Img. No. 1, Station address

The station corresponds to one logical device. In one physical device, one or more logical devices can be defined. Domain is the name of the logical device values of which we want to read. Currently only one station can be on one line. If a communication with multiple logical devices within one physical device is needed, the line and the station for each logical device must be configured. Line configuration will be the same (so it can be copied).

The Browse button enables to get a list of logical devices (if the KOM process is running and communication is established). For Browsing functionality, the device must implement support for getNameList request with parameter ObjectClass = DOMAIN.

Station protocol parameters

Communication station - configuration dialog box - tab Protocol parameters.
These parameters influence some optional parameters of protocol. You can set the following station parameters:

Table 2

I/O tag configuration

Permitted I/O tag types: Ai, Ao, Ci, Co, Di, Dout, TiA, ToA, TiR, ToR, Qi, TxtI, TxtO

I/O tag address

Img. No. 2, I/O tag address (Data Value)

The configuration of I/O tag address requires the following data:

I/O Tag Type 

Type of I/O tag:

• Buffered/unbuffered report value - the I/O tag represents the value obtained from a buffered or unbuffered report. Such values are sent by the device spontaneously after they are changed.
• Periodically polled value - the I/O tag represents the periodically read value (polling). The reading period is configured in the station parameters. 
  Note: Periodic reading may result in loss of values as a result of rapid changes, so it should only be used for slowly changing values or if the value can not be retrieved from the report.
• Buffered/unbuffered report - the I/O tag represents a buffered or unbuffered report. It is important that all reports that are used (i.e. which contain the requested data) are configured as I/O tags. Based on these I/O tags, a report is activated when a communication is established (write is performed to its attributes $TrgOps, $RptEna, $GI and if the parameter Integrity period is specified, also to the attribute $IntgPd).

If the I/O tag representing the report has a text value, the value will be set to to the name of the Dataset (the $DatSet attribute) that the report publishes.
If the I/O tag representing the report has an integer or a real value, the value will be

• • 0 - when a communication has been established - after receiving the initiate-Response message and requesting the reading of the Dataset name ($DatSet attribute) that the report publishes
  • 1 - after reading the Dataset name (receiving the device response to the Dataset name read request)
  • 2 - after reading report parameters
  • 3 - after reading a list of objects that are contained in Dataset
  • 4 - after successful report activation
  • 5 and more - with the arrival of each additional Information Report, the value of the object that represents it will be increased
  • invalid - if any of the communication steps fails

This mechanism can be used to define "watchdogs" guarding, for example, a communication failure, connection failure or non-working sending of Information Reports.

Name

Unikátny textový reťazec identifikujúci IEC 61850 objekt. Maximálna veľkosť je 64 znakov.
Pozn: ak sa zadá adresa meraného bodu ako %IGNORE, takýto meraný bod bude ignorovaný.

Data Type

Typ hodnoty, zoznam možných typov:

Pozn * - typy objektov označené hviezdičkou sú používané v protokole IEC 60870-6 ICCP/TASE.2 (ktorý používa spoločný MMS framework). Pre protokol IEC 61850 odporúčame tieto typy nepoužívať.

Array Index

Pre typ objektu "Autodetect" a pre polia je možné zadať index prvku v rámci poľa. Polia sa v protole IEC 61850 indexujú od 0. Nezadanie indexu poľa spôsobí prístup k nultému prvku.

Pozn: Protokol IEC61850 podporuje pre dátové typy polí (Array) zapisovanie načítaných hodnôt do cieľového stĺpca štruktúry. 
Ak je na záložke Cieľ v položke Cieľový stĺpec v konfigurácii meraného bodu uvedený stĺpec štruktúrovanej premennej, budú do neho načítané príslušné položky poľa. Podpora je funkčná iba vtedy, ak je Array Index nezadaný alebo rovný 0.

Integrity Period

Nastavením tohto parametra sa pre merané body typu Buffered/unbuffered report nastavuje perióda (v ms) po uplynutí ktorej je vygenerovaný informačný report obsahujúci hodnoty všetkých objektov, ktoré sa nachádzajú v príslušnom datasete. Pokiaľ teda došlo nejakým spôsobom k strate zmenených hodnôt, tento integritný report zabezpečí periodicky obnovenie integrity dát. Hodnota 0 vypína generovanie integritného reportu. Nenulová hodnota spôsobí počas aktivácie reportu zápis do atribútu $IntgPd reportu.
Pozn: nie všetky IEC 61850 servery podporujú tento parameter.

Browse

Pre merané body je možné zistiť zoznam objektov a ich dátové typy, pokiaľ KOM proces beží a komunikácia je nadviazaná.
Po kliknutí na tlačidlo Browse sa otvorí okno ICCP Browser a KOM proces začne zisťovať zoznam objektov správou GetNameList-Request a následne ich dátové typy správami GetVariableAccessAttributes-Request.

Obr. č. 3, okno IEC 61850 Item Browser

Význam jednotlivých volieb a tlačidiel:

Auto

Ak je voľba aktívna, Data Type sa nastavuje ako Autodetect, v opačnom prípade na zistenú hodnotu, napr. Boolean alebo Integer32.

Copy all to clipboard

Skopírovanie zobrazených objektov a ich dátových typov do schránky Windows - Clipboardu.

Refresh

Tlačidlom Refresh je možné vynútiť znovunačítanie zoznamu objektov zo zariadenia. Štandardne KOM proces načíta zoznam objektov a ich dátové typy iba pri prvej požiadavke a uchová ich v pamäti. Toto načítanie môže trvať v závislosti od počtu objektov a rýchlosti zariadenia dlhší čas. Následne posiela procesu/procesom CNF tieto uchované zoznamy, takže ďalšie naplnenie zoznamu v okne Browse je už rýchle.

Filtrovanie v zozname objektov

Prehľadávací dialóg umožňuje filtrovanie podľa mena objektu a dátového typu. Nie je potrebné zadať ich celé. Postačuje nasledujúci zápis "*FILTROVANÝ VÝRAZ*", kde hviezdičky reprezentujú ľubovoľný text pred začiatkom a koncom výrazu (napr. *momen*).

Poznámka

Okrem užívateľsky definovanách objektov s podporenými dátovými typmi (Boolean, Integer32...) môžu byť v zozname objektov preddefinované objekty protokolu s typom Structure. Jedná sa o štruktúrované objekty, ktoré nemôžu byť priamo čítané. Implementácia podporuje iba prácu s jednoduchými typmi a poľami, ktorých prvky sú jednoduché typy, preto treba nakomunikovať jednotlivé položky štruktúrovaných objektov.

Literature

• RFC 1006 (ISO Transport Service on top of the TCP, Version: 3)
• International Standard ISO/IEC 8073 (Open Systems Interconnection — Protocol for providing the connection-mode transport service)
• International Standard ISO/IEC 8327-1 (Open Systems Interconnection — Connection-oriented Session protocol: Protocol Specification)
• International Standard ISO/IEC 8823-1 (Open Systems Interconnection — Connection-oriented Presentation protocol: Protocol Specification)
• International Standard ISO/IEC 8650-1 (Open Systems Interconnection — Connection-oriented protocol for the Association Control Service Element: Protocol Specification)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-1 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 1: Introduction and overview)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-2 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 2: Glossary)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-3 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 3: General requirements)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-4 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 4: System and project management)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-5 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 5: Communication requirements for functions and device models)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-6 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 6: Configuration description language for communication in electrical substations related to IEDs)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-7-1 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 7-1: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment – Principles and models)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-7-2 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 7-2: Basic communication structure for substation and feeder equipment – Abstract communication service interface (ACSI))
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-8-1 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 8-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) – Mappings to MMS (ISO 9506-1 and ISO 9506-2) and to ISO/IEC  8802-3)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-9-1 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 9-1: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) – Sampled values over serial unidirectional multidrop point to point link)
• International Standard ISO/IEC IEC 61850-9-2 (Communication networks and systems in substations – Part 9-2: Specific Communication Service Mapping (SCSM) – Sampled values over ISO/IEC 8802-3)

Changes and modifications

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Document revisions

• Ver. 1.0 - 20. jún 2018 - Vytvorenie dokumentu.

---------------------------Reading directories: %3i  (Esc to abort)---------------------------Received Read Request---------------------------OK   ---------------------------

I/O address

Enables debug information on MMS data level. See Note 1.