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  • communication via TCP
  • explicit messages (request/response type of communication)
  • standard addressing of objects (Class/Instance/Attribute)
  • symbol addressing of objects (proprietary Rockwell implementation)
  • optimization of symbol objects addressing - so-called Symbol Instance Addressing
  • optimizing the reading of multiple values using Multiple Service Packet Service messages
  • work with structures (UDT)
  • work with unconnected messages
  • work with connected messages using Forward Open / Large Forward Open messages

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Note: The Micro820 firmware version 6 only partially supported work with symbol addresses. Reading and writing worked, but browsing didn't - there was no class Symbol Object [0x6b]. Firmware version 10.0.12 supported browsing.
Note: CompactLogix 5370 supported work supports working with symbol addresses, browsing, as well as optimization of work in symbolic mode using Symbol Instance ID.

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KeywordFull titleDescriptionUnitReplacement value
Kotva
rwt
rwt
RT
Read Wait TimeoutWaiting between individual reads of data from the communication if no data has been received..sec.mss0.010

Kotva
bs
bs
BS

Batch Size

The number of messages after sending of which, the Send Delay is performed.

-1...1000

Kotva
sd
sd
SD

Send DelayWaiting after sending a batch consisting of Batch Size message. The purpose is not to overload the device with too many messages.
Note: while testing the Micro820 device, problems were encountered when sending approximately 200 messages  (browsing instances of the class File Object [0x37] with zero delay. Waiting for 1 ms solved the problem.
sec.mss0.001

Kotva
mpr
mpr
MPR

Max Pending Requests

Maximum number of unacknowledged messages. If the number of unacknowledged messages reaches the value of the parameter, the KOM process waits before sending the next message. A value of 1 means that each message must be confirmed before sending another one (so that the PLC cannot be overloaded due to intensive communication).

 1..100

Kotva
se
se
SE

Write Symbolic: Array Elements

Methods of writing an array using symbolic addressing (Rockwell). There are three supported modes:

  • 0 .. Array Index + Item Count: all the elements defined for a particular point are written (Array Index+1 or Item Count, whichever is greater)
  • 0 .. Array Index: minimalistic variant - elements from 0 to Array Index are written
  • 0 .. Max Array Index: maximalist variant - entries from 0 to Max Array Index are written, where Max Array Index is the largest number of elements of all I/O tags with the same symbolic address (within the station)
-0 .. Array Index

Kotva
ow
ow
OW

Optimized write of array elementOptimized write is used when only one array element is written. Optimization consists of writing only one specific element and specifying its index (in the protocol specified as Member ID).
Note: the tested Micro820 device supported the optimization, the test software server did not.
-False

Kotva
mp
mp
MP

Max Packet SizeThe maximum size of Ethernet/IP messages (Unconnected Explicit message) - according to the standard 504 bytes.
Note: in symbolic mode (Rockwell) it is also possible to work with larger arrays using proprietary services Read Tag Fragmented Service and Write Tag Fragmented Service.
Note: this size does not include the Encapsulation Header (24 bytes - Command/Length/Session Handle/Status/Sender Context/Options) or the SendRRData/Common Packet Format header (16 bytes - Interface Handle/Timeout/Item1 + Length/Item2 Length).
Note: values ​​greater than 504 bytes are used only if the parameters Use Connected Transport and Large Forward Open have the value YES (Connected Explicit Messages are used and the CIP connection is established with the Large Forward Open message).
Note: for a specific CompactLogix (1769-L24ER-QBFC1B/A LOGIX5324ER) the maximum value of the parameter was 4002. For larger values, the response to the Large Forward Open message contained an error code:
Received Rockwell LargeForwardOpen Response [xDB] with GeneralStatus: Connection failure [x01], Additional status: <09><01><A2><0F> INVALID CONNECTION SIZE
Bytes504

Kotva
rs
rs
RS

Response TimeoutTimeout to receive an answer for a request. If the response for a request is not received within this time, this is considered an error, and the TCP connection will be closed.sec.mss10.000

Kotva
so
so
SO

Optimized Work with Symbolic NamesOptimization of work in a symbolic mode (Rockwell) - so-called Symbol Instance Addressing. Instead of using symbolic names, a Symbol Instance ID is used for reading. The Symbolic name is converted to the Instance identifier by the same service which is used for browsing.
Note: Not every device or Rockwell firmware version supports this optimization (tested Micro820 with firmware 10.0.12 or 11.0.11 did not support this optimization). In this case, if the device returns the Service not supported [0x08] error code, the optimization will be disabled until the KOM process is restarted or the configuration of the respective line is re-saved.
-False

Kotva
tnd
tnd
TND

TCP No Delay

Setting the TCP No Delay parameter to YES causes the low-level socket option TCP_NODELAY to be set, thus turning off the default packet coalesce feature.-False

 

Kotva
komunikacna_stanica
komunikacna_stanica
 Communication station configuration

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CIP Connections
ParameterMeaningUnit / sizeDefault value

Kotva
rp
rp
Route Path for Unconnected Send (hex)

An octet string representing the parameter Route_Path (of padded EPATH type, that is, the number of octets in each segment must be even). If this parameter is specified, the protocol messages (Get_Attribute_Single, Set_Attribute_Single, Read Tag [Fragmented] Service, Write Tag [Fragmented] Service) will be wrapped in an Unconnected Send message that is used for routing.

It was not necessary to set this parameter when communicating with Micro820, MicroLogix 1100, and CompactLogix devices.

When communicating with ControlLogix via the ControlLogix EtherNet/IP bridge Module (1756-EN2TR/C), it was necessary to set the parameter to 01 00, which according to protocol documentation means Port 1 (which represents the backplane) and slot 0 (where the Central Processor was located). 

To communicate with the processor in slot 1, the parameter had to be set to 01 01, so the general syntax for accessing a slot XX would be 01 XX.

A more complicated configuration consisting of 3 segments:

  • we go through the processor in slot 0: 01 (Backplane) 00 (Slot 0)
  • then we go through port 2 to the IP address 172.25.58.11: 12 (port 2 with the Extended flag in the 5th bit, which means a 1-byte length follows) 0C (data length=12 bytes) 31 37 32 2E 32 35 2E 35 38 2E 31 31 (ASCII codes of IP address 172.25.58.11).
    Note: If the number of characters in the string was odd (e.g. 13), then the length (e.g. 0D) would be followed by an IP address (13 bytes) and then a padding octet 00 to make the number of octets of this segment of the path even.
  • and finally, we go to the processor in slot 1: 01 (Backplane) 01 (Slot 1)

so the whole Route Path string is: 01 00 12 0C 31 37 32 2E 32 35 2E 35 38 2E 31 31 01 01 (in the syntax of Rockwell OPC server it is "1,[0,2,172.25.58.11, 1], 1")

octet string

Kotva
ms
ms
Use Multiple Service Packet Service

Setting the parameter to YES causes the protocol messages (Get_Attribute_Single, Set_Attribute_Single, messages Read Tag [Fragmented] Service, Write Tag [Fragmented] Service) to Service to be wrapped in a Multiple Service Packet Service message. This parameter is used for communication optimization (wrapping several messages into one), while the size of one message (Unconnected Explicit message) does not exceed the Max Packet Size value.
Note: this This feature is not supported on older PLCs (e.g., SLC 5/05 and PLC5E).
Note: on On a specific CompactLogix 1769-L36ERM, the parameter setting accelerated the reading cycle of 1000 objects from 15 seconds to 2.2 seconds.

YES/NONO

--- Connected Transport Parameters ---

Kotva
ctosrct
Use Connected Transport
osr
Optimize Structure Read

Optimized structure reading can be used to read the entire structure from the PLC at once instead of reading individual members. Each structure has a defined template in the PLC (UDT- user data template). Optimized reading requires finding the structure (a list of individual elements, their types, and offsets within the structure).
Reading the list can take several tens of seconds, so after successful reading, it is saved in the file Cache-<Link_name>-<RoutePath>.txt in the Cache subdirectory in the application directory. When starting communication, information about structures and templates is read from the cache as a priority.
Example of cache file name: Cache-L.CS.CSVV-0100.txt for line L.CS.CSVV and parameter value Route Path=01 00.

In the configuration of I/O tags, it is necessary to create one I/O tag with the structure address (e.g. Struct1) with Reading mode = Active read (this I/O tag will still be invalid, but will be used to generate read requests) and the other I/O tags with the addresses of the structure members (e.g. Struct1.MyValA, Struct1.MyValB) with Reading mode = Passive read.

Note: In the case of large structures containing substructures, it is up to the application programmer to configure either an I/O tag for reading the entire structure (e.g. Struct2) or multiple I/O tags for reading substructures (e.g. Struct2.SubA and Struct2.SubB) - and find out what is optimal in a specific case in terms of speed and PLC load.

Note: If the structure contains internal data structures (e.g. TIMER, COUNTER, CONTROL, MESSAGE, MOTION members) to which symbolic access is not allowed, reading the entire structure will fail (error "Privilege violation [x0F]", with "Additional status" set to "Reserved by CIP").

Note: Deleting the cache file from disk and saving the communication station will cause the list of structures and templates to be reloaded and the cache file to be recreated. This may take several tens of seconds, depending on the number of structures and UDTs.

YES/NONO

Kotva
ret
ret
Read Extra Template Bytes

When Optimized Structure Read was active, in specific cases, it happened that a large template definition was not received in its entirety, but the name of the last member was truncated (e.g., missing 2 characters and a terminating 0). This happened when the message definition did not fit into one packet, but was larger (e.g., it should have been 861 or 2225 bytes). Setting this parameter to 2 or 3 (and requesting the corresponding number of bytes more) solved the problem.

Problematic device parameters:

  • ControlLogix: 1756-L55/A 1756-M23/A LOGIX5555, Module Revision: 15.004
  • Communication card 1756-ENBT/A, Product Revision: 3.009 Build 1, Firmware Version Date: Oct 11 2005, 08:27:13


  • ControlLogix: 1756-L61/B LOGIX5561, Module Revision: 17.003
    Communication card 1756-ENBT/A, Product Revision: 3.009 Build 1, Firmware Version Date: Oct 11 2005, 08:27:13
0-230

--- Connected Transport Parameters ---

Kotva
ct
ct
Use Connected Transport

The parameter enables the use of connected CIP transport. Instead of Unconnected Send, a connection is created The parameter enables the use of connected CIP transport. Instead of Unconnected Send, a connection is created (with a Forward Open/Large Forward Open message) and then messages are sent through the created connection.

YES/NONO
Kotva
cccc

through the created connection.

YES/NONO

Kotva
cc
cc
CIP Connections

The number of parallel logical CIP connections. A larger number allows faster handling of messages, on the other hand, PLCs support a limited number of CIP connections. Only one message can be handled by one CIP connection at a time.
See the document EtherNet/IP Network Devices, table on page 22.

1-164

Kotva
sn
sn
CIP Connection Serial Number

The parameter specifies the ID of the first logical CIP connection. If CIP Connections>1, then the configured and subsequent IDs (e.g. 10, 11, 12) are used. IDs of logical CIP connections must be unique, i.e. if there are several stations (on one/multiple lines) that communicate with the same PLC using connected CIP transport (Use Connected Transport=YES), it is necessary to configure a non-repeating ID.

0-655351

The number of parallel logical CIP connections. A larger number allows faster handling of messages, on the other hand, PLCs support a limited number of CIP connections. Only one message can be handled by one CIP connection at a time.
See the document EtherNet/IP Network Devices, table on page 22.

1-164

Kotva
cp
cp
Connection Path (hex)

The Connection Path parameter of the Forward Open/Large Forward Open message. The default value means:

  • 01 - Port segment: Backplane
  • 00 - Link Address: 0
  • 20 - Path Segment: 0x20 (8-Bit Class Segment)
  • 02 - Class: Message Router (0x02)
  • 24 - Path Segment: 0x24 (8-Bit Instance Segment)
  • 01 - Instance: 0x01
octet string01 00 20 02 24 01

Kotva
vi
vi
Vendor ID

The Vendor ID parameter of the Forward Open/Large Forward Open message indicates the vendor ID (identification of the D2000 KOM process).

0 - 655350x1234

Kotva
tc
tc
Tick Time

The Tick Time parameter of the Forward Open/Large Forward Open message indicates the size of the time interval used to calculate the Forward Open message timeout. See the Timeout Ticks parameter.

ms128

Kotva
tt
tt
Timeout Ticks

The Timeout Ticks parameter specifies the number of time intervals (of size Tick Time) used to calculate the Forward Open/Large Forward Open message timeout. Timeout is calculated as Tick Time * Timeout Ticks.

-1-255

Kotva
rpio
rpio
O->T RPI

The O->T RPI parameter of the Forward Open/Large Forward Open message indicates the size of the Originator -> Target Requested Packet Interval in microseconds.
Definition from the Common Industrial Protocol standard: The requested packet interval shall be the time between packets requested by the receiving device. The value shall be used to allocate bandwidth at each of the producing nodes. The allocation of bandwidth may have to be adjusted when the actual packet rate or actual packet interval is returned, since it is possible for the two values to differ.

 μs2000000

Kotva
rpit
rpit
T->O RPI

The T->O RPI parameter of the Forward Open/Large Forward Open message indicates the size of the Target -> Originator Requested Packet Interval in microseconds.

 μs2000000

Kotva
tm
tm
Connection Timeout Multiplier

Parameter Connection Timeout Multiplier of Forward Open/Large Forward Open messages messages. Specifies the multiplier by which the O->T RPI and T->O RPI parameters are multiplied to determine the timeout of the CIP connection in the O->T or T->O direction.
The default timeout is therefore 2 000 000 μs * 16 = 32 seconds.
Note: the parameters Connection Timeout Multiplier, O->T RPI and T->O RPI must be adjusted if the period/reading values ​​defined on the station is greater than the CIP timeout , because the CIP connection will may expire during inactivity.
x2 - x512

x16

Kotva
lfo
lfo
Large Forward Open

The parameter allows a Large Forward Open message to be used instead of a Forward Open message to create a connected CIP transport. In this, it is also possible to specify a larger size of the Connection Size parameter than 504 bytes, so that the messages can be larger. See the note on the Max Packet Size parameter which specifies the Connection Size for Forward Open/Large Forward Open.

YES/NONO

--- PCCC Parameters ---

Kotva
mdl
mdl
PCCC Max Data Length

Setting the parameter to a non-zero value causes the use of the PCCC protocol encapsulated in the Ethernet/IP protocol. In this way, it is possible to communicate with older SLC 5/05 and PLC5E. At the same time, the symbolic address of the I/O tag starts to be interpreted as an address in SLC-500 format - see Allen-Bradley CSP/PCCC protocol (e.g. N:3 or $T4:0/ACC).
Note: after changing the parameter from 0 to a non-zero value or back, it is necessary to re-save the I/O tags, restart the KOM process or use the RELOAD command.

0-240 bytes0

Kotva
cs
cs
PCCC Command Set

Selection of PCCC commands used for communication with older SLC 5/05 and PLC5E if the PCCC Max Data Length parameter is set to a non-zero value. The following options are available for selection:

  • Typed Read (68), PLC5 logical ASCII addressing (*)
  • Typed Read (68), PLC5 logical binary addressing (*)
  • SLC Protected Typed Logical Read (A1/A2)

* - when using these commands, only writing is supported for the file types Status (S), Binary (B), Integer (N), Float (F), and even for these types only writing of whole elements is supported, not bits. Writing is not supported for the Timer (T) and Counter (C) file types. 

-

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Kotva
symbolic_name
symbolic_name
Symbolic name - a symbolic name. It can be simple (Test) or contain the address of a specific item of a one-dimensional array (Test [3]), multidimensional (Test [1] [2]), item member of a structure (Test.MyItem1), or item of an array of structures (Test[2].MyItem1).
If the PCCC Max Data Length parameter is set to a non-zero value, the symbolic address of the I/O tag starts to be interpreted as an address in SLC-500 format - see Allen-Bradley CSP/PCCC protocol (e.g. N:3 or $T4:0/ACC). Other settings (Fragmented read) are unused. Item count setting and reading items into the structure structured variable are supported (except for Input and Output file types). Writing values is also supported, and it is not necessary to set the Attribute type (and if it is set, it is ignored).
Note: The symbolic name is not case sensitive.

Kotva
item_count
item_count
Item count - number of elements in the case of an array of values, the number of elements being read.This number may be less than or equal to the actual size of the array in the device.If it is not specified, one element is read.

Fragmented read - an indicationthat the Read Tag Fragmented Service message should be used for reading because the entire array does not fit into a message with the length specified by the Max Packet Size parameter.
Note: If the reading using the Read Tag Service message returns an error code Partial Transfer [0x06], the next reads will use the Read Tag Fragmented Service message as if the Fragmented read indication was set.

By clicking the Browse button, a browse dialog can be opened, and a list of symbolic names can be retrieved as long as the communication with the device is established. For each Each symbolic name, its 's type is also read. In the case of structures or arrays of structures, the type is identified as "STRUCTURE (---)". D2000 cannot presently use such complex types - it is necessary to specify an address of a particular item as a symbolic name (e.g. MyStruct.MyItem or MyArr [1] .MyItem)can work with structures if Optimize Structure Read parameter is enabled.
The Auto option is used to set the NONE/AUTO attribute type (autodetect). If this option is off, the attribute type is copied to the I/O tag along with the symbolic name after double-clicking on a specific line in the list of symbolic names.
The Refresh button is used to repeatedly retrieve the list from the device. The KOM process caches a list of symbolic names, so the second and subsequent opening of the browse dialog is significantly faster than the first one during which the data is being read from the device.
Note: symbolic names beginning with the underscore are related to system objects of the Rockwell device, other names are user-defined. Kotvabrowse_symbolicbrowse_symbolic

Image Removed

are user-defined.

Kotva
browse_symbolic
browse_symbolic

Image Added


Note: If the Optimize Structure Read parameter is enabled, browsing also displays individual elements of structured variables. If you want to read Rockwell STRINGs (which are essentially structures with DINT and SINT ARRAY members, see the following screenshot), you can select the appropriate STRUCTURE type member in the browsing dialog (in the screenshot, AlarmRspMsg.Path).

Image Added


Atribute type - the type of attribute. In the case of standard addressing, it is necessary to enter a specific type. In the case of symbolic addressing, it is possible to leave the type of the attribute as NONE/AUTO (autodetect), since proprietary Rockwell messages contain both the value and the attribute type. An exception is if the I/O tag is write-only - then the attribute type must be specified.

Note: not all types of attributes from the offered list have reading/writing implemented. All numeric types, time types, strings (SHORT_STRING, STRING, STRING2), and numeric and time array types are supported. International string (STRINGI) type is supported for reading.

Array index - index of an element in an array, if the attribute is an array. In the Ethernet/IP protocol, an array is indexed from zero, so if the Item count is equal to 3, indices 0, 1, and 2 are allowed.

All numeric types, time types, strings (SHORT_STRING, STRING, STRING2), and numeric and time array types are supported. The international string (STRINGI) type is supported for reading.

Array index - index of an element in an array, if the attribute is an array. In the Ethernet/IP protocol, an array is indexed from zero, so if the Item count is equal to 3, indices 0, 1, and 2 are allowed.
Note: if Array index + 1> Item count, then Array index + 1 element will be read instead of Item count.
Note: instead of using an index, it is possible to specify the index directly as part of the symbolic name, e.g. "Arr[3]" or "Arr[5]". Then such I/O tags will be read separately. However, if an Array index is configured, the I/O tags will be read together (the Arr object and the number of elements 6 will be read, i.e. indices 0 to 5). Thus, it makes sense to use an Array index if we want to read several elements from the beginning of the array and write the index as part of the symbolic name if we read a single element with a high index (e.g. "Arr[100]")Note: if Array index + 1> Item count, then Array index + 1 element will be read instead of Item count.

Bit (1..n) - if an attribute type is an integer (unsigned/signed) number (BOOL, SINT, INT, DINT, LINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT, ULINT, DATE, TIME_OF_DAY, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, LWORD, ENGUNIT, and arrays of these types) it is possible to enter a specific bit (1 to 64, depending on the number of bits for a specific type).

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  • Active read - the I/O tag generates read requests.
  • Passive read - the I/O tag does not generate read requests, but it processes values read by another I/O tag with the same Class/Instance/Attribute address or Symbolic name. This mode makes sense makes sense for reading arrays, where a single I/O tag can be active, and the other I/O tags are passive, so values of all (or selected) array items or structure members are read with one request.
    Note: the Ethernet/IP protocol supports the reading of arrays into the structure (Destination tab), so it is possible to read the entire array into the column of a structure using a single I/O tag.
  • Write only - the I/O tag is intended only for writing. 

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Info
titleBlogs

You can read blogs about the Ethernet/IP protocol:


Kotva
zmeny_upravy
zmeny_upravy
Changes and modifications

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  • Ver. 1.0 - November 28, 2018 - Creating of the document.
  • Ver. 1.1 - January 2, 2019 - Improved browsing, and testing with 1769 with 1769 CompactLogix 5370 Controller
  • Ver. 1.2 - September 6, 2021 - Support for encapsulated PCCC mode (read-only)
  • Ver. 1.3 - December 21, 2021 - Support for reading items into the structure for PCCC mode
  • Ver. 1.4 - January 4, 2021 - Support for writing in encapsulated PCCC mode 
  • Ver. 1.5 - May 30, 2023 - Support for Multiple Service Packet Service
  • Ver. 1.6 - June 4, 2024 - Support for Connected Messages, Forward Open, Large Forward Open
  • Ver. 1.7 - March 14, 2026 - Support for structures and templates (UDT)

 

Info
titleRelated pages:

Communication protocols

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